International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction: Theme, Steps and Strategies for Disaster Risk and Reduction and Management

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INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

International Day For Disaster Risk Reduction, is celebrated on October 13 since, 1989 under the initiative of United Nations General Assembly. The day is celebrated to raise awareness regarding disaster risk and reduction. The day celebrates the way how people and communities are working and have worked on reducing their exposure to disasters, thus reducing the levels of risk.

DISASTER
Disaster can be natural or man made or can be due to our negligence. Natural disaster includes Tsunami, floods, drought etc and man made disasters are like, outcomes of bombarding. Disasters have many hazards but thier impact can be reduced through pro active measures and planning.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Disaster management revolves around awaring masses about the disaster, its warning signs, and how to reduce it. Disaster management also aims at serving people, treating the injured ones, and rehabilitating them as well. Disaster management is the series of activites from pre disaster actions to post disaster relief works.

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Disaster risk reduction are mainly the ways in which the impact of disaster can be reduced. It means to minimise disaster vulnerabilities and to prevent the casualities and hazards with development.

NEED FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Disaster risk and reduction aims at initiatives, coperations, mechanisms to reduce human, social, environmental and animal losses due to hazards.

Increase public awareness to let them understand risk and vulnerability.

Obtaining commitment from public authorities and non government voluntary organisations to implement disaster risk reduction policies and actions.

Stimulate inter sectoral partnerships, to expand development of risk reduction and improve scientific knowladge about disaster reduction.

THE SENDAI FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk and Reduction is mainly people-focussed and action-oriented framework, which has 7 strategic targets and other 38 indicators for measurement of progress on reducing disaster risk.
Sendai framework, makes approachs towards disaster risk reduction and apply those approaches to small-scale and large-scale disasters be it man-made, or natural hazards, or disasters related to environmental, and biological risk and hazards.

CORE CONCEPT OF SENDAI FRAMEWORK

According to Sendai framework its the small states, people, their livelihood, economic and financial conditions which worsen with the disaster outbreak so more focus should be on such people and the disaster prone particular areas.
Sendai Framework is an opportunity for all the groups all over the world, be it Non government organisation, International organisations, Government bodies of different countries and United Nations to promote disaster risk and reduction activities.

THEME FOR INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR DISASTER RISK AND REDCUCTION, 2022

This year the day has its focus on Target G of Sendai framework.
TARGET G : Target G focuses on substantial increase in the availability of and access to multi hazards early warning signals, disaster and its risk related information and assessments among masses by 2030.

STEPS UNDER DISASTER RISK AND REDUCTION

1. PREPAREDNESS : Means preparing in advance, this include the precautionary activities done before disaster to reduce its impact on livelihood. It includes awareness and education among society as whole. Proper disaster warnings, Mock drill training practice in the disaster prone area.

2. RESPONSE : These include the activities done during disaster to help the affected people. It includes implementing disaster management plan, setting up of medical camps, mobilisation of resources, providing adequate shelter and sanitary facilities, fully active search and rescue team.

3. RECOVERY : Includes the activites done after the disaster ends. This includes temporary housing, grants and reestablishment. Restoration of services like communications and transport. Providing employment, reconstruction of damaged buildings, counseling for those who lost their near and dear ones.

4. MITIGATION : Means those ways by which the effects of disasters can be reduced. This include codes and zoning, vulnerability analysis.

STRATEGIES FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT

1. The focus of government and others agencies is relief centric but it should be changed to Holistic approach.

2. Empower the community to face disaster by giving them, education and tips about disaster impact reduction, and life saving techniques.

3. Emphasis on traning and development of human capital and capacity building .

4. Early warnings and communication system, coordinated and timely response of disaster managment and rescue teams.

5. Timebound action plans for earthquakes, floods, cyclones.

IMPORTANCE OF CELEBRATION OF INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR DISASTER RISK AND REDUCTION

1. Its meetings give mindset to nations to be prepared to face disaster, manage its risk and impact on masses in much better way.

2. Reminds the world to be united in case of any disaster and help each other irrespective of the relations between different countries.

3. Sharing of best practices adopted by different nations to prevent disasters and to reduce the potential risks and losses associated with the disaster.

MESSAGE OF THE DAY
Mobilise resources and actions to raise awareness and to achieve the Target G. Which calls for more investments to expand early warning signals and immediate actions to reduce the impact of disaster.